@conference{
author = "Stevanović, Milena and Đošić, Marija and Janković, Ana and Sprecher, Christoph Martin and Vukašinović-Sekulić, Maja and Mišković-Stanković, Vesna",
year = "2024",
abstract = "INTRODUCTION: Tissue engineering strives for innovative solutions in addressing challenges associated with
contemporary bone tissue implants. This study focuses on the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of hydroxyapatite-based
bioceramic composites containing antibacterial agents onto titanium surfaces. Two composite coatings, hydroxyapatite/
chitosan (HAP/CS) and hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gentamicin (HAP/CS/Gent) were developed to combat issues such as
poor adhesion, limited antibacterial potential, limited bioactivity, and potential toxicity of implant materials [1].
EXPERIMENTAL: EPD was performed at constant voltage (5 V, 12 min) on pure Ti plates from aqueous (HAP/CS and
HAP/CS/Gent) suspensions. The uniformity and functionality of the deposited coatings were assessed through
comprehensive physico-chemical characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Philips PW 1710, Netherlands) and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4700, J) equipped with energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS, X-Max,
Oxford Instruments, UK). Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus TL and Escherichia coli ATCC
25922 by quantitatively monitoring changes in the viable number of bacterial cells in suspension. Cytotoxicity against
MRC-5 and L929 cell lines was investigated using trypan blue dye-exclusion test (DET) and MTT assay for assessing cell
metabolic activity. Statistical significance was determined for antibacterial and cytotoxicity results by one-way analysis
of variance (ANOVA), followed by multiple comparisons post-hoc test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: XRD revealed broadened diffraction maximums corresponding to fine HAP crystallites.
Porous surface with homogeneously distributed spherical HAP agglomerates embedded in wax-like polymers' matrix of
CS was observed for both coatings by SEM. The addition of gentamicin significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity
of the HAP/CS/Gent coating – complete reduction of S. aureus bacterial cells was achieved within 1 h of exposure. MTT
and DET tests indicated low cytotoxicity against MRC-5 and L929 tested cell line for both samples. Slightly decreased
cell percentage viability due to gentamicin presence was observed for HAP/CS/Gent.
CONCLUSIONS: Single-step EPD yielded antibacterial composite coatings with potential for biomedical applications.
HAP/CS/Gent showed successful gentamicin loading, favorable crystalline structure, and strong antibacterial effects.
The presence of fine HAP crystallites yielded a larger surface area, favorable for new bone growth and improved
osseointegration. HAP/CS/Gent exhibited good antibacterial activity against both tested bacteria (especially
pronounced against S. aureus – bactericidal effect), while preserving low cytotoxicity, indicating the high potential for
biomedical applications.",
publisher = "Beograd : Savez hemijskih inženjera Srbije",
journal = "ExcellMater Conference 2024 - Innovative Biomaterials for Novel Medical Devices",
title = "Innovative hydroxyapatite-based coatings for bone implants: A multifaceted approach",
pages = "58-58",
number = "1s",
volume = "78"
}
