Superabsorbenti na bazi polimernih mreža i gelova sa dodatkom nanočestica za prečišćavanje otpadnih voda od metala

Abstract

U ovom radu biće prikazano dobijanje različitih adsorbenata na bazi polimernih mreža i gelova sa dodatkom nanočestica i njihova primena za prečišćavanje otpadnih voda od metala. Polimerne mreže i hidrogelovi kao adsorbenti predstavljaju novu alternativu za sistem tretmana otpadnih voda, ako se uzme u obzir da se mogu lako sintetisati sa željenim osobinama, i to od dostupnih i jeftinih sirovina. Dodatkom nanočestica u takvu polimernu matricu nastaju nove klase multifunkcionalnih nanokompozitnih materijala, koji vrlo efikasno uklanjaju teške metale, radioaktivne elemente, boje, fenole i pesticide. U poređenju sa konvencionalnim adsorbentima, ovakvi superabsorbenti imaju niz prednosti kao što su visoki adsorpcioni kapacitet, velika brzina adsorpcije, mogućnost primene u širokom opsegu pH vrednosti, a potom i mogućnost desorpcije i ponovne upotrebe.

In this paper, the preparation of various adsorbents based on polymer networks and gels with the addition of nanoparticles and their application for metal wastewater tre atment will be shown. Polymer networks and hydrogels as adsorbents represent a new alte rnative to the wastewater treatment system, given that they can be easily synthesized with thedesired properties, from available and inexpensive raw materials. The addition of nano particles to such a polymer matrix creates new classes of multifunctional nanocomposite materials, which very efficiently remove heavy metals, radioactive elements, dyes, phenols and pesticides. Compared to conventional adsorbents, such superabsorbents have a number of advantages such as high adsorption capacity, high adsorption rate, the possibility of application in a wide range of pH values, and then the possibility of desorption and reuse.