The application of Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth. in phytoremediation technologies

Abstract

Perennial grass, Calamagrostis epigejos, is native to Euro-Asian region and introduced to North America. Species has wide ecological amplitude and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Growth strategy and the significant abiotic stress tolerance of C. epigejos, enabled by a higher water and nitrogen use efficiency, are responsible for its competitiveness and ongoing spreading in certain natural and anthropogenic habitats. C. epigejos is colonizer of post-mining lands where it shows range of adaptation mechanisms to the stressful environments. The species pose multiple tolerance to metal(oids), retaining elements such as Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd Zn, Mn, As, and Mo in roots, and showing potential for phytoremediation primarily in the field of phytostabilization. Additionally, species has been proven to reduce erosion and heavy metal leakage from polluted sites, and contributes to the natural remediation of contaminated marginal lands. Chemical composition of C. epigejos paired with high calorific value of its biomass makes this species a potential source of bioenergy.