Zavisnost prinosa semena inbred linija kukuruza od sadržaja mineralnog azota u zemljištu u fazi svilanja

Abstract

U periodu 1998-1999. godine obavljena su ispitivanja u Institutu za kukuruz "Zemun Polje" u kojima je analiziran prinos semena inbred linija kukuruza u zavisnosti od sadržaja mineralnog azota u zemljištu tipa semigleno-karbonatni černozem. U ogledu su ispitivane tri inbred linije kukuruza (L1, L2 i L3) različitih grupa zrenja (FAO 300, 500 i 700) i primenjeno je pet varijanti đubrenja: I - kontrola bez primene đubriva; II N60P60K60 u jesen; III - N60P60K60 u jesen + đubrenje azotom na bazi Nmin metode (sa dopunom do 120 kg ha-1); IV - N60P60K60 u jesen + 60 kg N ha-1 u proleće; V - N60P60K60 u jesen + 120 kg N ha-1 u proleće. Prinos semena inbred linija kukuruza je varirao zavisno od meteoroloških uslova, genotipa i primenjenih doza azota. U obe godine ispitivanja, zabeležena je vrlo značajna pozitivna korelacija između sadržaja mineralnog azota u zemljištu u fazi svilanja i prinosa semena inbred linija kukuruza. Samo je kod linije L3 zabeleženo značajno povećanje prinosa semena usled povećanja sadržaja mineralnog azota u zemljištu. Prosečno za obe godine ispitivanja i sva tri genotipa, povećanje sadržaja mineralnog azota u zemljištu u fazi svilanja inbred linija kukuruza, uticalo je vrlo značajno na povećanje prinosa semena na tretmanu đubrenja po Nmin metodi, kao i na tretmanima gde je primenjeno 60 i 180 kg N ha-1.

The maize seed production is usually performed on soil of a very good quality. Soil quality presents a capacity of soil to meet requirements of plants and therefore of animals too, and to provide the transport and regulation of water and other compounds present and added to soils. The application of nitrogen fertilisers is very important for the maize seed production, due to, first of all, the importance of nitrogen for growth and development of plants, as well as, to its dynamics in soil. The trials with the aim to analyse seed yield of maize inbred lines in dependence on the mineral nitrogen content in the semi-gley calcareous chernozem soil were conducted in the experimental field of the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, during 1998 and 1999. Three maize inbred lines (L1, L2 and L3) of different maturity groups (FAO 300, FAO 500 and FAO 700, respectively) were used in the trial, while the following five fertilisation variants were applied: I - control without the mineral fertiliser application; II N60P60K60 in autumn; III - N60P60K60 in autumn + fertilising based on the Nmin-method - with the addition up to 120 kg N ha-1; IV - N60P60K60 in autumn + 60 kg N ha-1 in spring; V - N60P60K60 in autumn + 120 kg N ha-1 in spring. Seed yield of maize inbred lines varied over weather conditions genotypes and applied nitrogen fertiliser rates. In both years of investigations, a highly significant positive correlation between the mineral nitrogen content in the soil during the silking stage and seed yield of maize inbred lines was recorded. Seed yield was significantly increased only in the inbred L3 due to the increased content of mineral nitrogen in the soil. On the average for both years and all three genotypes, the increased content of mineral nitrogen in the soil in the silking stage of maize inbred lines significantly affected the seed yield increase on the variant based on the Nmin method, as well as, on the variants with 60 and 180 kg N ha-1.