Značaj valorizacije i načini prerade sekundarnih sirovina obojenih metala

Abstract

Proizvodnja obojenih metala iz sekundarnih sirovina daleko je jeftinija od njihove proizvodnje iz primarnih sirovina, prvenstveno zbog manje potrošnje energije. Pored toga, reciklažom obojenih metala iz sekundarnih sirovina racionalnije se koriste prirodni resursi i smanjuje količina otpadnih materijala, čime se direktno štiti životna sredina. Sekundarne sirovine obojenih metala nastaju u procesu proizvodnje i prerade metala do njihove ugradnje u gotove priozvode i izbacivanjem tih proizvoda iz upotrebe usled njihove dotrajalosti ili tehnološke zastarelosti. U zavisnosti od vrste sekundarne sirovine, koriste se različiti postupci pripreme i metalurške prerade. Pojedine se veoma jednostavno recikliraju pretapanjem u metalurškim agregatima, dok druge moraju proći komplikovane operacije pripreme pre metalurške prerade.

Production of non ferrous metals from secondary raw materials is far less costly than its production from primary raw materials, due to lower energy consumption. Besides, by recycling of non ferrous metals from secondary raw materials, the natural resources are saved and the amount of waste materials is reduced, directly protecting the environment. The secondary raw materials can originate in metal production and treatment, accompanied by their incorporation into the final product and its elimination due to amortization. The different methods of preparation and metallurgical treatment are used depending on secondary raw materials type. Some of them are very easy to be recycled by remelting in metallurgical furnace, while others must pass through complicated preparation before metallurgical treatment.